Between 1786 and 1805, the company operated from the Swedish island of Saint-Barthélemy. The company was a private enterprise with royal monopoly on all Swedish trade via Saint Barthélemy. Three quarters of profits went to the company, one quarter to the Swedish state.
Company operations
Because the West India Company also interfered in colonial affairs and violated the colonial administration's power to profit from trade, the two sides had many disputes. The profits from the trade were divided, with the King receiving one-quarter and the West India Company three-quarters. Section 14 of the company's charter stipulated that it had the right to engage in the slave trade between Africa and the Caribbean. It was a triangular trade: African slaves were shipped to the Caribbean, Caribbean sugar, cotton, and tobacco were shipped to Europe, and European cloth, weapons, and spirits were shipped to Africa.
History
The island of St. Barthélemy was for a time a hub for the slave trade, only a small proportion of which were transported on Swedish ships. According to Swedish government archives, between the 17th and 19th centuries, Swedish ships transported slaves only about 50 times, while there were 34,941 slave transportations across the Atlantic at that time. There are 10 ships in the archive registered as Swedish, and four of them have Swedish origins marked on their hulls. Since Swedish ships accounted for only 0.02% of all slave transport ships and 0.14% of the total number of slave transports, Sweden only participated in a small part of the slave trade. Therefore, the West India Company did not list slave trade records separately.
Shipping began to decline in 1794, prompting the West India Company to request financial assistance from the state. Although it applied for a trade patent extension in 1801, there were only a few shipping operations at that time. The company's commercial activities were severely interrupted during the British occupation of Saint Barthélemy, when all its goods were confiscated. The financial situation worsened further when an embezzlement case arose the same year, in which the company's agent on the island, Carl Dreijer, had accumulated a debt to the company amounting to a third of its annual income. The patent was finally revoked in 1805, with duties and other revenues going directly to the government, signaling that the West India Company's golden period of free trade had passed. On May 22, 1805, the Swedish West India Company was officially dissolved.
Other Swedish chartered companies
See also
- List of trading companies
- Swedish colony of Saint Barthélemy
External links
- Mémoire St Barth | History of St Barthélemy (archives & history of slavery, slave trade and their abolition), Comité de Liaison et d'Application des Sources Historiques.
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